The Department of General Physics was created on the base of the Department of Experimental Physics in 1945. In different years the Department was headed by docents S. P. Lytvynenko (1945–1959), V. N. Vyshnevskyy (1959–1962), B. M. Palyukh (1962–1974) and professors O. B. Lyskovych (1974–1996), Z. B. Stasyuk (1996–2003).
In 2003 after the division of the Faculty of Physics into the Faculty of Electronics and the Faculty of Physics, the Department was headed by docent Yu. V. Karavan (2003), professor V. D. Bondar (2003–2004), docent N. V. Pasternak (2004–2005), professor Ya. I. Shopa (2005–2015), docent T. M. Demkiv (October 2015–April 2016). Since May 2016 professor V. Yo. Stadnyk has headed the Department of General Physics.
While the Department of General Physics was created natural sciences students of the University were being taught Physics and the training to physics students for teaching work was being provided. Within the 70–80ss years the Department of General Physics was the key one for Higher Educational Institutions of Western Ukraine. Teachers of the Department prepared specialists for such specialties as “Physics” (specializations: “Physical Electronics” (1963–2003), “Physics of Medical-Biological Systems”, “Physical and Biomedical Electronics” (1992–2003), “Scientific and Technical Examination” (2005–2010)). Since 2010 specialists in the area of “Applied Physics” has been prepared by teachers of the Department of General Physics.
At the Department bachelors in specialties of “Applied Physics and Nanomaterials”, “Secondary Education. Physics” and “Applied Physics and Nanomaterials” of specialization “Computer Technologies in Applied Physics” (2018 year of enrollment) and masters in specialty of “Applied Physics and Nanomaterials” (1 y. 4 m.) are studying.
The training of bachelors and masters is provided by 5 teachers: Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor V. Yo. Stadnyk (Chairperson, Department of General Physics) and Candidates of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Docents T. M. Demkiv, O. I. Konopelnyk, N. Ye. Ftomyn and Ya. M. Chornodolskyy. At the Department there are General Physics Practical Work Laboratory (Mechanics, Molecular Physics, Electricity, Optics) and Computer Equipment Laboratory.
From the moment of the Department creation scientific researches widely known over Ukraine and nowadays also in the European Union have been conducted. The staff of the Department takes an active part in international scientific conferences, publishes articles in foreign and Ukrainian professional issues. The teachers of the Department are the authors of 20 patents of Ukraine for inventions and useful models. In 2010 Docent O. I. Konopelnyk got a President grant for supporting of scientific researches of young scientists. In 2011–2013 years Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences I. S. Novosad was a scholar of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine for Young Scientists. Docent N. Ye. Ftomyn headed the theme named “Parametric crystal optics, optical properties and structure of complex oxides of the langasite family” carried out within the working time of a teacher. The employees of the Department continue to work scientifically on various state budget themes. Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences M. Ya. Rudysh had received the academic scholarship of the President of Ukraine for university students and postgraduate students (2017–2018). In November 2019 he received the Award of the Regional State Administration and the Regional Council for Employees of Scientific Institutions and Higher Educational Institutions (Universities, Academies, Institutes) of the Lviv Region. Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Pavlo Shchepanskyi is a scholar of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine for Young Scientists (2020–2022).
Professor V. Yo. Stadnyk was a scientific supervisor of the State budget theme Fz-53F named “New materials for functional electronics on the basis of semiconductor and dielectric crystals of А4ВХ6 and А2ВХ4 groups” and the Economic contractual theme F76/77-2018 named “Synthesis of a new class of crystalline materials of А2ВХ4 group and study of the prospects of their effective application in electromagnetic radiation controlling devices”. Currently professor V. Yo. Stadnyk is a scientific supervisor of the State budget theme Fz-08F named “Transformation of the optic-electronic parameters and structure of new crystalline materials for sensor devices and optoelectronics” (2020 – 2022 years).
Achievements of young scientists include near 170 scientific works and 3 utility models of Ukraine. Postgraduate students are actively involved in scientific work under the supervision of a professor V. Yo. Stadnyk and docents T. M. Demkiv and Ya. M. Chornodolskyy, participate in international conferences and publish scientific results in leading foreign and Ukrainian issues.
The staff of the Department maintains close scientific contacts with the Institute for Scintillation Materials NAS of Ukraine (Kharkiv, Ukraine), SRC “Carat” (Lviv, Ukraine) and with a number of foreign institutions such as Institute of Physics Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa (Czestochowa, Poland), Depatment of Electronics and Computer Science, Koszalin University of Technology (Koszalin, Poland), Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw (Warsaw, Poland) and others.
The main areas of scientific activity of the Department are:
| ChairpersonVasyl Stadnyk | Chairperson |
| Associate ProfessorYaroslav Chornodolskyy | Associate Professor |
| Associate ProfessorTaras Demkiv | Associate Professor |
| Associate ProfessorNazar Ftomyn | Associate Professor |
| Associate ProfessorOksana Konopelnyk | Associate Professor |
| Research FellowPavlo Shchepanskyi | Research Fellow |
| Laboratory Chief ManagerLesia Kukharska | Laboratory Chief Manager |
| Laboratory Chief ManagerIryna Novosad | Laboratory Chief Manager |
| Lead EngineerOksana Radkovska | Lead Engineer |
| Lead EngineerMyron Rudysh | Lead Engineer |
| 1st Category EngineerRaisa Lekhiv | 1st Category Engineer |
| Senior Department SecretaryIryna Datsiuk | Senior Department Secretary |
| Senior Department SecretaryLiuba Hural | Senior Department Secretary |
| Postgraduate StudentLev-Ivan Bulyk | Postgraduate Student |
| Postgraduate StudentVladyslav Karnaushenko | Postgraduate Student |
| Postgraduate StudentRoman Kildiyarov | Postgraduate Student |
| Postgraduate StudentRoman Matviiv | Postgraduate Student |
Monographs:
Manuals:
Tutorials:
Methodical materials:
Professor Vasyl Stadnyk is a scientific supervisor of the state budget theme FZ-53F named “New materials for functional electronics on the basis of semiconductor and dielectric crystals of А4ВХ6 and А2ВХ4 groups” (01.01.2017 – 31.12.2019) and a co-head of the theme with the State Fund for Fundamental Research F76/77-2018 (Fz-5-18) named “Synthesis of a new class of crystalline materials of А2ВХ4 group and study of the prospects of their effective application in electromagnetic radiation controlling devices” (30.08.2017 – 31.12.2017; 01.09.2018 – 30.11.2018).
The state budget theme “New materials for functional electronics on the basis of semiconductor and dielectric crystals of А4ВХ6 and А2ВХ4 groups”:
Aim of the work: to develop the technological fundamentals of synthesis of nanostructured materials based on А2ВХ4 and А2ВХ6 crystals, including those having birefringence sign inversion and high anisotropy of physical characteristics; to study unit cell parameters, space group symmetry, transmission, reflection and absorption spectra; temperature and spectral changes in refractive indices, birefringences, optical activity and dichroism.
The work is supposed to investigate the structural transformations, the impact of the structural elements replacement on the optical properties as well as the impact of external factors (pressure, temperature, electric and magnetic fields, radiation) on the changing of the electronic properties of bulk crystals and nanocrystals.
The crystals of LiNH4SO4 (LAS) in α- and β-modification, Rb2ZnCl4 (RTCZ) crystals with incommensurate phase, as well as InxTl1–хІ substitutional solid solutions were synthesized. The influence of uniaxial stresses on the spectral and temperature changes of the refractive indices ni of RTCZ crystals was investigated. It has been established that in the studied spectral and temperature ranges, the dispersion ni(λ) of mechanically free and stressed crystals is normal. The baric changes of ni have been studied and crystal optics parameters of mechanically deformed crystals calculated. The band-energy structure of LAS crystals is calculated. As the quantitative measure of the dispersion of electronic levels the effective mass of charge carriers obtained for the top of the valence band and the bottom of the conduction band was considered. Using the calculated full and partial densities of states, the genesis of the calculated bands is established.
Results of the investigation of infrared reflection spectra in the 700–1700 cm–1 region wave numbers are presented of mechanically free and clamped by the uniaxial pressure LiNH4SO4 crystal. Evaluated and discussed are frequencies of longitudinal νLO and transverse νТO oscillations, damping constant g and oscillator strength f. Using the Kramers–Kronig dispersion relations for reflection spectra, baric changes in spectral dependences of optical constants were obtained and analyzed. Calculations of the band-energy structure of LiNH4SO4 crystals of two modifications were performed using density functional theory. Dispersion of electronic levels E(k) for the points of high symmetry of the Brillouin zone was constructed using various functionals for describing the exchange-correlation interaction of electrons. Width of the bandgap is estimated.
18 papers in journals with impact factor, 10 abstracts in the materials of the international conferences indexed in Scopus, and 3 patents of Ukraine for invention and useful models were published, as well as the thesis by M. V. Kovalenko entitled “Electronic energy structure, opto-spectral and sensory properties of nanostructures based on ZnO” (a Supervisor was a Docent, Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences O. V. Bovhyra, specialty 01.04.10 – physics of semiconductors and insulators, 2017); A. I. Kashuba entitled “Transformation of electronic energy structures and optical parameters of substitutional solid solutions of halides indium and thallium” (a Supervisor was a Professor, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences A. V. Franiv, specialty 01.04.10 – physics of semiconductors and insulators, 2018); V. B. Stakhura entitled “The optoelectronic properties of uniaxially clamped incommensurate modulated Rb2ZnCl4 crystals” (a Supervisor was a Docent, Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences V. Yu. Kurlyak, specialty 01.04.10 – physics of semiconductors and insulators, 2018); M. Ya. Rudysh entitled “Optical-electronic parameters of lithium ammonium sulfate crystals under the action of uniaxial pressures” (a Supervisor was a Professor, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences V. Yo. Stadnyk, specialty 01.04.10 – physics of semiconductors and insulators, 2018) were defended.
The theme with the State Fund for Fundamental Research “Synthesis of a new class of crystalline materials of А2ВХ4 group and study of the prospects of their effective application in electromagnetic radiation controlling devices”:
The crystals of LiNH4SO4 (LAS), K1.75(NH4)0.25SO4 (PAS) and (NH4)2SO4 (AS) of good optical quality were synthesized, their spatial symmetry groups and parameters of elementary cells were determined; dispersion and temperature dependences of refractive indices nі(λ) and birefringence Δnі(λ) of these crystals were studied; for PAS crystal at a wavelength λ=500 nm at temperatures T01≈541 K and T02≈589 K two isotropic points are found which correspond to the equality of there fractive indices nz=ny and nz=nx; the temperature-spectral-baric diagrams of the isotropic state of the K1.75(NH4)0.25SO4 crystal, which allow to find the correlation between the deformations of the optical indicatrix due to temperature changes, uniaxial compression, or wavelength change have been constructed. The dispersion of refractive indices n(λ) of LiNH4SO4 crystals in two modifications is investigated using Obreimov method for the three crystal-physical directions in the optical spectral region. The refractive indices of the studied crystals are of a significant anisotropy. The presence of birefringence-sign-inversion points for α-modification is found in the long-wavelength region of the spectrum, for β – in the short-wavelength region. It was proposed to use LiNH4SO4 and K1.75(NH4)0.25SO4 crystals as new crystals with anisotropic point in accessible temperature and spectral ranges.
Based on the results, 5 articles were published in journals with impact factor and one article is prepared for publication; 5 abstracts in the materials of international conferences indexed by Scopus are published.
Scientific interests and researches of the Department staff are:
Selected presentations will be published in the Journal of Physical Studies. Manuscripts are to be prepared in LaTeX and the corresponding files should be submitted as e-mail attachments to the following address: edboard.jps@gmail.com. The deadline for manuscript submission is September 1st, 2020.
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